Ukunyakaza kwabo bonke onkamisa abade alif waw yaa
Impendulo ithi: ukuthula.
Ingabe ungumthandi wolimi futhi unentshisekelo yokufunda okwengeziwe ngama-alfabhethi esi-Arabhu? Uma kunjalo, lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi kungokwakho! Sizobheka ukunyakaza konkamisa babo bonke onkamisa abade alif waw yaa nokuthi basetshenziswa kanjani ukwakha imisindo ehlukene. Qhubeka ufunde ukuze uthole okwengeziwe!
Incazelo yokunyakaza kwe-alif nencwadi
Isi-Arabhu siwulimi olunama-alfabhethi ahluke kakhulu. Uhlamvu ngalunye lwesi-Arabhu luwungwaqa. Nokho, isi-Arabhu sihlanganisa onkamisa abafushane kanye onkamisa abade. I-Alif, yaa, kanye ne-waw zonke ziyizibonelo zonkamisa abafushane. Igama elithi “alif” lisho onkamisa abade futhi lingabhalwa njengohlamvu oluphindwe kabili (alif mad). I-Yaa kanye ne-waw bangonkamisa abafushane, kodwa basho imisindo ehlukene. U-Yaa umele umsindo othi “y” kokuthi “yebo,” kuyilapho u-waw umele umsindo othi “w” “esisindo.”
Onkamisa babo bonke onkamisa abade alif waw yaa babhalwa ngokugeleza kokuphefumula okukhululekile. Lapho i-fatha ingaphambi kwe-alif, siyinweba ngezizathu ezimbili futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-alif madd. I-Alif ingabuye ibhalwe njenge. Ongwaqa abathathu (alif, waw, kanye no-ya) basetshenziswa njengonkamisa esikhundleni sonkamisa abade nanjengabathwali bohlamvu lokuqala lwezinhlamvu.
Izinhlamvu zesi-Arabhu zinezinhlamvu ezingama-29, ezingongwaqa nonkamisa abade. Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezenza imisindo yonkamisa abade zisetshenziswe njengonkamisa kunonkamisa abade nanjengama-vectors ohlamvu lokuqala lwezinhlamvu. Imithetho yokufunda isi-Arabhu ngonkamisa abade imi kanje: Uma uhlamvu luvela ngaphambi kolunye uhlamvu oluphinyiswa njengonkamisa omude, khona-ke uhlamvu olusekuqaleni kwegama liphinyiselwa njengonkamisa omude. Uma uhlamvu luvela ngaphambi kolunye uhlamvu olubizwa njengonkamisa omfushane, uhlamvu olusekuqaleni kwegama liphinyiselwa njengonkamisa omfushane.
Incazelo yokunyakaza ngesi-Arabhu
Ulimi lwesi-Arabhu lunamagama ahlukahlukene abhekisela kumqondo wokunyakaza. Elinye lala magama elithi haraaka, elibonisa umsindo wonkamisa. U-Alif, waw, kanye no-ya umele imisindo yonkamisa abafushane, abade nabade, ngokulandelana.
Lezi zinhlamvu ezintathu zisetshenziselwa ukwenza imisindo yonkamisa abade, kodwa azibhalwa kanjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. U-Alif welula uhlamvu lwangaphambili olufushane u-ah, ngokuvamile alubhalwanga, ukuze lube lude, okungukuthi, ukulenza lihlale isikhathi eside.
Onkamisa babo bonke onkamisa abade alif waw ya bayahambisana kakhulu. Bonke banweba umsindo wokuvula kusukela ku-“A” kuye ku-“A”.
Ukuqonda injini kubalulekile ekuqondeni ulimi lwesi-Arabhu. Ngokwazi imithetho yokufunda isi-Arabhu nokuqonda ukunyakaza kwezinhlamvu, uzokwazi ukuqonda incazelo yamagama esi-Arabhu ngokucacile.
Ukuqonda umhambisi
Zonke izikhulumi zesi-Arabhu ziyazi ukuthi izinhlamvu ezithi alif, waw, nethi yaa zisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa imisindo yonkamisa abade. Lezi zinhlamvu zaziwa ngokuthi matres lectionis, noma mother letters. U-Alif uwuhlamvu lokuqala lwezinhlamvu, futhi ubizwa ngokuthi i-diphthong, i-alif-maadd. U-Waw wuhlamvu oluphakathi lwezinhlamvu futhi ubizwa ngokuthi i-monophthong, waw-daad. U-Yaah wuhlamvu lokugcina lwezinhlamvu futhi ubizwa ngokuthi i-diphthong, yaah-daad. Lezi zinhlamvu ezintathu zakha bonke onkamisa abade ngolimi lwesi-Arabhu.
Uma igama liqukethe u-aleef, waw, no-ya, abantu bayazi ukuthi unkamisa kufanele liphinyiselwe njengonkamisa ababili abade. Ngokwesibonelo, egameni elithi yaa-yahu (elisho ukuthi “yebo”), unkamisa wokuqala uphinyiselwa njengonkamisa omude, kanti unkamisa wesibili uphinyiselwa njengonkamisa omfushane.
U-Alif, u-waw kanye no-yaa ahlala esetshenziswa ndawonye ukwenza umsindo wonkamisa omude. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izinhlamvu zisetshenziswa kanye no-alif, waw, kanye no-yaa ukuze kwenziwe eminye imisindo yonkamisa, kodwa lezi zinhlamvu ezintathu zihlala zisetshenziswa ndawonye ukuze kwenziwe onkamisa abade.
U-Alif, u-waw kanye no-yaa angasetshenziswa yedwa ukwenza onkamisa abafushane. Ngokwesibonelo, egameni elithi lam (elisho ukuthi “ubhanana”), uhlamvu oluthi “alif” lusetshenziselwa ukwenza unkamisa omfushane abe umsindo othi “a.”
Kunezinhlamvu eziyisithupha ngolimi lwesi-Arabhu ezingezika-Alif: u-Alif, u-Balif, u-Ghalif, u-Qalif, u-Taif, no-Yaif. Lezi zinhlamvu zingasetshenziswa ndawonye ukwenza eminye imisindo yonkamisa abade. Ngokwesibonelo, egameni elithi ya-yaah (elisho ukuthi “yebo”), uhlamvu lokuqala luka-yaah lusetshenziselwa ukwenza uhlamvu olude.
U-Alif Md: ukunwetshwa
Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezenza imisindo emide zithi alif, waw, kanye no-ya. U-“Aleef” ubhekisela konkamisa abade, futhi uwuhlamvu oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukumelela le misindo. Uhlamvu liphinyiswa njengegama lesiNgisi elithi "alif". Lapho i-alif ilandelwa uhlamvu olumakwe ngokuthi fatha, njengasegameni elithi “sat,” le ncwadi kuthiwa “iyahlanya.” U-Madd usho ukwelula (ukwelula) umsindo wonkamisa. Lapho i-fatha ingaphambi kwe-alif, siyinweba ngezizathu ezimbili futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-alif madd. I-Alif ingabuye ibhalwe njenge
Ukunyakaza kanye nesimo sikaNkulunkulu kungaqondwa ngencazelo yokunyakaza ngolimi lwesi-Arabhu. Ukuqonda uMguquli kuvumela ukuqonda okujulile kwendalo kaNkulunkulu. Kwaxoxwa ngemithetho yokufunda isi-Arabhu sonkamisa abade. Onkamisa abafushane kanye onkamisa abade ngesi-Arabhu bayaqhathaniswa futhi baqhathaniswe. Ekugcineni, izinhlamvu ezintathu ezakha onkamisa abade ngesi-Arabhu zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe.
Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezenza imisindo yonkamisa abade
Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezenza imisindo yonkamisa abade ngesi-Arabhu zithi alif, waw, kanye no-ya. U-Alif welula uhlamvu lwangaphambili olufushane u-ah, ngokuvamile alubhalwanga, ukuze lube lude, okungukuthi, ukulenza lihlale isikhathi eside. Unkamisa wabo bonke onkamisa abade alif waw yaa ukhonjiswe ngezansi.
Izinhlamvu ezintathu zimelela imisindo emithathu emide yonkamisa ngesi-Arabhu: alif, waw, kanye no-ya. Igama elithi “Aleef” lisetshenziselwa ukwelula uhlamvu lwangaphambili olufushane u-ah, olungavamile ukubhalwa, ukuze lube lude. U-Waw usetshenziselwa ukwelula unkamisa noma u-e omfushane owandulelayo, futhi u-yaa usetshenziselwa ukwelula ukamisa omfushane owandulele u-a noma u-u.
Imithetho yokufunda onkamisa abade besi-Arabhu imi kanje. Noma nini uma u-a evela eduze kukankamisa omfushane, welula lowonkamisa. Uma u-waw noma u-ya evela eduze kukankamisa omfushane, lowo nkamisa uzokhuphukela kuhlamvu olulandelayo. Noma nini lapho uhlamvu “A” noma yiluphi olunye uhlamvu luvela eduze kukankamisa omude, luzogcina lowonkamisa enjengoba enjalo.
Kukhona nongwaqa abathathu abasetshenziswa njengonkamisa esikhundleni sonkamisa abade. Lezi zinhlamvu ezintathu zihlala ziyi-Alif, Waw, no-Ya. Akushintshi kuya ngesimo.
Imithetho yokufunda yesi-Arabhu yonkamisa abade
Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezenza imisindo yonkamisa abade ngesi-Arabhu zithi alif, waw, kanye no-ya. Lezi zinhlamvu zibhalwa ngonkamisa nezinhlamvu ngaphandle komugqa. U-Alif welula uhlamvu lwangaphambili olufushane u-ah, ngokuvamile alubhalwanga, ukuze lube lude, okungukuthi, ukulenza lihlale isikhathi eside. Ukunyakaza kwabo bonke onkamisa abade alif waw ya kubizwa ngokuthi madd. I-Madd isho ukunweba umsindo futhi kunezinhlamvu ezintathu ezibonakalayo eziwu-a kanye no-y.
Imithetho yokufunda onkamisa abade imi kanje: Uma uhlamvu lulandelwa olunye uhlamvu olubuye lube ngunkamisa, uhlamvu lokuqala lufundwa sengathi lufushane. Isibonelo, uma igama liqukethe uhlamvu “a” futhi ulifunda ngokuthi “alif mad,” khona-ke elithi “alif” lifundwa njengonkamisa omfushane, futhi elithi “mad” lifundwa njengonkamisa omude. Uma uhlamvu olulandelayo engeyena unkamisa, ufundwa njengokujwayelekile.
Onkamisa abafushane kanye onkamisa abade embhalweni wesi-Arabhu
Ulimi lwesi-Arabhu lunezinhlobo ezimbili zonkamisa – onkamisa abafushane kanye onkamisa abade. Onkamisa abafushane bamelwe izinhlamvu u-fatha, u-kasra, no-dhammah, futhi onkamisa abade bamelwe izinhlamvu ezithi alif, waw, kanye no-ya.
Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezakha onkamisa abade ngu-alif, waw, no-ya. U-Aleef uwuhlamvu lokuqala lwezinhlamvu futhi ubizwa ngokuthi onkamisa ababili abade. U-Waaw ubizwa ngokuthi u-a omfishane ku-“rabbit” futhi u-Yaa ubizwa ngokuthi u-e omfishane “kukhiye.”
Imithetho yokufunda isi-Arabhu ngonkamisa abade imi kanje: Uma uhlamvu olwandulela unkamisa omude engunkamisa omfushane, olula, khona-ke uhlamvu olwandulela unkamisa omude kufanele lube nonkamisa omfushane kulo. Ngokwesibonelo, egameni elithi “ma,” uhlamvu u-maa lulandelwa u-alif al, okusho ukuthi u-alif al kumelwe amakwe ngokuthi Madd ~. Lokhu kuyichaza njengonkamisa omude. Uma lungekho uhlamvu ngaphambi kwe-alif, ungunkamisa omfushane.
Ngaphezu konkamisa besi-Arabhu, kukhona onkamisa abafushane kwezinye izilimi abasebenzisa umbhalo wesi-Arabhu. Ngokwesibonelo, ngeSpanishi, kukhona onkamisa abafushane ababizwa ngokuthi “e”. Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezenza onkamisa abade ngesi-Spanish nazo ziyi-aleph, waw, kanye no-ya. Nokho, iSpanishi asinalo uhlamvu lomsindo wonkamisa omude ku-“a.” Ukubhala lo msindo, iSpanishi sisebenzisa izinhlamvu ezithi Aa, Ee, kanye nethi Ii.
Onkamisa babo bonke onkamisa abade alif waw ya bakhonjisiwe ngezansi. Igama elithi “Aleef” libizwa ngokuthi onkamisa ababili abade, futhi elithi “Waw” libizwa ngokuthi “a” emfushane egameni elithi “unogwaja.”
U-Alif usho onkamisa abade
U-Alif (A) ungunkamisa omude ekubhaleni kwesi-Arabhu. Isetshenziselwa ukuchaza onkamisa abade emagameni. Izinhlamvu u-alif, waw, kanye no-ya zonke zisebenza njengonkamisa abade uma zisetshenziswa egameni. U-Alif uwukuphela kohlamvu lwezinhlamvu zesi-Arabhu olungasetshenziselwa le njongo.
Uhlamvu alif liphinyiselwa njengonkamisa omude lapho esetshenziswa yedwa. Nokho, ubuye abizwe njengonkamisa omfushane lapho elandelwa enye incwadi. Ukwenza isibonelo, igama elithi ummiy liphinyiselwa njengonkamisa omude uma likhulunywa, kodwa libuye liphinyiselwe njengonkamisa omfushane lapho libhalwa.
Imithetho yokufunda yesi-Arabhu yonkamisa abade iyahambisana kakhulu. Noma nini lapho ubona unkamisa elandelwa olunye uhlamvu, olunye uhlamvu luzobizwa njengonkamisa omfushane. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amagama abhalwe ngesi-Arabhu nesiLatini.
I-Alif yaziwa nangokuthi uhlamvu lwe-madd ngoba isetshenziselwa ukwelula ezinye izinhlamvu ku-alfabhethi. Isibonelo, egameni elithi Harf (Harf), i-alif isetshenziselwa ukwelula uhlamvu oluthi waw. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi u-Alif Mad.
Ubude bencwadi nonkamisa abafushane ngesi-Arabhu
Ulimi lwesi-Arabhu lunonkamisa olulula oluhlanganisa onkamisa abayisithupha abafushane kanye nonkamisa abathathu abade. Lonkamisa umelwe izinhlamvu ezithi alif, waw, kanye no-ya. U-Alif welula uhlamvu lwangaphambili olufushane u-ah, ngokuvamile alubhalwanga, ukuze lube lude, okungukuthi, ukulenza lihlale isikhathi eside. Ubude bukankamisa oyedwa omude ngokuvamile bulingana nonkamisa ababili abafushane.
Lonke uhlamvu lwesi-Arabhu (ongwaqa) egameni lunonkamisa (ـَ -ِ -ُ), noma kukhona ezinye izimpawu esizozifunda ezifundweni ezizayo, kodwa onkamisa abade kuphela abamelwe izinhlamvu ezithi Alif, Waw, kanye no-Ya. Imisindo emithathu emide ngesi-Arabhu imelelwa yizinhlamvu ezintathu ezilandelayo.
U-Alif ubhekisela konkamisa abade, u-waw ubhekisela kunkamisa ophakathi phakathi konkamisa ababili abafushane, futhi u-yaa ubhekisela kunkamisa omude. Lonke uhlamvu lwesi-Arabhu (ongwaqa) egameni lunonkamisa (ـَ -ِ -ُ), noma kukhona ezinye izimpawu esizozifunda ezifundweni ezizayo, kodwa onkamisa abade kuphela abamelwe izinhlamvu ezithi Alif, Waw, kanye no-Ya. Imisindo emithathu emide ngesi-Arabhu imelelwa yizinhlamvu ezintathu ezilandelayo.
U-Alif usho onkamisa abade, u-waw ubhekisela kunkamisa ophakathi phakathi konkamisa ababili abafushane, futhi u-yaa ubhekisela kunkamisa omude.
Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezingaguquki ezisetshenziswa njengonkamisa esikhundleni sonkamisa abade
Ngokombhalo wesi-Arabhu, igama elithi hamza elithi hamza, inani layo lefonethiki liyi-glottal stop elandelwa unkamisa, kufanele libhalwe ngesethi yezinhlamvu ezingaguquki (isb., Alif, Waw, Yaa). Lokhu kuphambene nesiNgisi, lapho uhlamvu “a” lungasetshenziswa ekuqaleni noma ekugcineni kwegama, kuye ngomongo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ubhala isi-Arabhu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinhlamvu ezintathu ezifanayo - u-Alif, u-Waw, no-Ya - ukumela onkamisa abade kunokusebenzisa izinhlamvu eziningi zomsindo ngamunye.
Lokhu kuvumelana kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili. Okokuqala, ivumela ukuphimisela kalula futhi okwesibili, isiza ukugwema ukudideka phakathi kwamagama abelana ngenhlanganisela yezinhlamvu ezifanayo (isibonelo, alif kanye ne-ya). Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwabaqalayo abafunda isi-Arabhu ngoba kunciphisa ithuba lokwenza amaphutha.
Abonkamisa abade baphinyiswa ngokwelula umsindo wonkamisa omfishane obalandelayo. Ngokwesibonelo, egameni elithi alif waw yaa (okusho ukuthi “izinhlamvu ezintathu”), u-alif uphinyiswa njengonkamisa omude (aaa) futhi u-waw uphinyiswa njengonkamisa omfushane (ee). Ngokunjalo, u-yaa uphinyiswa njengonkamisa omude (yee).
Kukhona onkamisa abayisithupha olimini lwesi-Arabhu: abathathu abafushane nabathathu ubude.
I-Al Arabizi iyi-alfabhethi yejiyomethri yesi-Arabhu yendawo yonke esetshenziselwa ukubhala imibhalo ukusuka kwesokudla kuye kwesobunxele. Izinhlamvu ezintathu (u-Alif, u-Waw, no-Ya) zisetshenziswa njengongwaqa, onkamisa, kanye ne-hamza (motor), ngokulandelana. U-Alif ubhekisela konkamisa abade, u-Waw ubhekisela konkamisa abafushane ngaphambi kongwaqa ababili, futhi u-Yaa ubhekisela konkamisa abafushane yonke indawo.
