Ngiyiqondisa kanjani inkemba yami futhi iyiphi i-CV engcono kakhulu?

Ngiyiqondisa kanjani inkemba yami?

Kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa okufanele zilandelwe ukuze kulungiswe i-CV ephumelelayo:

• Qala ngokuqoqa imininingwane: Kufanele uqoqe yonke imininingwane edingekayo ukuze wakhe i-CV esebenzayo.
  Lolu lwazi luhlanganisa idatha yomuntu siqu njengegama, usuku lokuzalwa, kanye nolwazi lokuxhumana.
  Ulwazi olumayelana nemfundo, ulwazi lomsebenzi kanye namakhono nakho kufanele kuqoqwe.
• Ukuhlela i-CV: Ngemva kokuqoqa ulwazi, kufanele ihlelwe ngendlela ehlelekile nefanelekile.
  I-CV ingahlelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (okungukuthi, okuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzi kusukela kwakamuva kakhulu kuye kwakudala) noma ngezigaba ezahlukene njengemfundo, ulwazi, namakhono.
• Zinqumele umgomo wakho: Ngaphambi kokubhala i-CV yakho, kufanele uchaze umgomo wakho futhi unqume umsebenzi noma inkambu ofuna ukuyifakela isicelo.
  Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ukhethe ulwazi futhi ugxile emaphuzwini ahambisana kakhulu nomsebenzi owenzayo.
• Ukubhala indikimba ye-CV: Kule ngxenye, ulwazi olubalulekile kufanele lubhalwe ngendlela ecacile nefingqiwe.
  Kufanele ugweme imishwana emide neyinkimbinkimbi futhi usebenzise izenzo ezisebenzayo namafomu alula.
  Umzimba we-resume uhlanganisa nencazelo yokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzi, amakhono omuntu siqu kanye namakhono athuthukisa iziqu zakho.
• Ukuqinisekisa nokulungiswa: Ngemva kokuqeda ukubhala i-CV, kufanele ihlolwe futhi ibuyekezwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awekho amaphutha esipelingi noma imisho engaqondakali.
  Omunye umuntu angasiza ukuhlola i-resume ukuze uthole amazwana angeziwe nempendulo.
• Ukufometha nokuklama: Kumelwe ukhethe ifomethi elinganayo nekhangayo ye-CV, okulula ukuyifunda futhi egqamisa ngokucacile ulwazi oluyinhloko.
  Uhlu lwamachashazi kanye namathebula kungasetshenziswa ukuhlela ulwazi kahle.

Iyiphi i-CV engcono kakhulu?

I-CV enhle ingelinye lamathuluzi abaluleke kakhulu abantu abangawasebenzisa ukuze bagqamise amakhono abo nolwazi lwabo futhi bazithuthukise kubaqashi abangaba abaqashi.
Ngezitayela namafomethi amaningi ahlukene okubhala i-CV, i-CV ehamba phambili yileyo enezici ezilandelayo:

-Ukucaca kolwazi: I-CV kufanele ibe lula ukuyifunda nokuyiqonda, njengoba ulwazi kufanele luhlelwe kahle futhi lufomethwe ngendlela eyenza kube lula kumfundi ukuqonda ulwazi namakhono omuntu.

-Ifomethi ekhangayo: I-CV kufanele ibe nomklamo odonsa amehlo futhi okhangayo.
Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa imibala efanele, ucacise izihloko, futhi ufomethe umbhalo ngendlela ekhangayo, okunomthelela ekwenzeni i-CV idonse ukunaka kwalowo ongase abe umqashi.

-Ukuqondisa umsebenzi owufunayo: I-CV kufanele iguqulwe ihambisane nomsebenzi owufunayo, lapho okuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini namakhono atholwe amele izinzuzo ezibalulekile emsebenzini ohlosiwe kungashiwo.

- Ubufakazi bamakhono: I-CV kufanele ikwazi ukufakazela izinga lokuhlukaniswa komuntu emsebenzini wangaphambilini, njengokuba khona kwezitifiketi noma impumelelo ebonakalayo ebonisa amakhono nomthelela womuntu ezindaweni zokusebenza zangaphambilini.

-Ukunakwa emininingwaneni: I-CV kumele ingabi namaphutha esipelingi noma ohlelo lolimi, njengoba ukunaka imininingwane kuwubufakazi bentshisekelo nokunemba ekwethuleni ulwazi mayelana nomuntu ofaka isicelo somsebenzi.

Injani ifomethi ye-CV?

I-CV ingumbhalo obalulekile uma kuziwa ekufakeni izicelo zemisebenzi, ukufaka isicelo sokufunda, noma ukufaka isicelo sanoma yiluphi uhlobo lomfundaze.
Lo mbhalo uhlobene nencazelo ebanzi yolwazi lomuntu siqu lomfakisicelo, amakhono, kanye nolwazi olusebenzayo nolufundisayo.
I-CV inesakhiwo esithile esingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinkulu ukukhombisa ingxenye ngayinye yempilo yomfakisicelo.
Izigaba eziyisisekelo ze-CV ngokuvamile ziyi:

• Ulwazi lomuntu siqu: luhlanganisa igama, ikheli, inombolo yocingo, i-imeyili kanye nemininingwane yokuxhumana yomuntu siqu.
• Imfundo: Ikhombisa iziqu zemfundo, izifundo zokuqeqesha kanye nezinye izitifiketi ezifanele.
• Isipiliyoni somsebenzi: Igqamisa imisebenzi yangaphambilini, amamaki ayo, imisebenzi eyenziwe namakhono atholwe ngalesi sikhathi.
• Amakhono: Uhlu lwamakhono omuntu siqu nawomsebenzi omfakisicelo anawo.
• Izinhlelo Nobuchwepheshe: Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlelo nobuchwepheshe umfakisicelo anolwazi kubo.
• Izilimi: Ibonisa amakhono nezinga ngezilimi ezahlukene.
• Izinto azithandayo nezithakaselayo: kukhombisa izici zomuntu siqu zomfakisicelo futhi inikeza umbono mayelana nezinto azithandayo.

Yimaphi amakhono athambile ku-resume?

Ukuba nesethi yamakhono athambile aqinile ku-CV kubaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu ofuna umsebenzi ofanele.
Amakhono omuntu siqu yizo lezo zici namakhono umuntu anazo ngokwemvelo futhi abonisa ubuntu bakhe namakhono akhe enhlangano, ezenhlalo nezokudala.
Amakhono omuntu siqu athathwa njengezihloko eziyinhloko ku-CV, njengoba efaka isandla ekunqumeni ikhono lomuntu lokuxhumana nokubambisana nabanye, ukuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo, ukuziphilisa, amakhono okuphatha isikhathi, ukuhlaziya izinkinga, kanye nokusungula izixazululo ezintsha.
Phakathi kwamakhono omuntu abalulekile angafakwa ku-CV: amandla okukholisa nekhono lokungacunuli, ikhono lokusebenza ngaphakathi kweqembu futhi ufinyelele imigomo efanayo, ikhono lokufunda nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ukubekezela, ukuguquguquka nokuxazulula izinkinga, ukunemba sebenza futhi ugxile emininingwaneni, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nobuciko ekutholeni izixazululo Okusha, ikhono lokulawula ingcindezi nokubhekana nezimo zokusebenza ezinzima.
Lapho ubhala i-resume, kufanele ugqamise lawa makhono athambile futhi unikeze izibonelo zokuthi uwasebenzise kanjani kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzi wangaphambilini namaphrojekthi omuntu siqu.
Ngale ndlela i-CV yakho ingagqama futhi idonse ukunaka kongase abe umqashi wakho.

Yini okufanele ngiyibhale esihlokweni somsebenzi?

Lapho ubhala isihloko sakho somsebenzi, kufanele sicace, sifinyeze, futhi sichaze ngokunembile ukuthi amakhono akho, isipiliyoni sakho, kanye nezibopho zakho ziyini zomsebenzi.
Isihloko somsebenzi singase sibe yinto yokuqala edonsa amehlo omqashi lapho efuna abantu abafanelekela isikhundla.
Nawa amanye amathiphu wokuthi yini ongayibhala esihlokweni sakho somsebenzi:

• Yisho isihloko somsebenzi ngokucacile nangokunembile.
  Isibonelo, uma ufaka isicelo sesikhundla somphathi wokumaketha, bhala “umphathi wokukhangisa” hhayi “umphathi” kuphela.
• Nikeza nge-bio emfushane efingqa ngokucacile indawo ewumgogodla yomsebenzi.
  Ingabe uzoba nesibopho sokusebenzisa amasu okumaketha? Noma uzoba nesibopho sokuphatha ithimba lokuthengisa?
• Chaza amakhono ayisisekelo okufanele umuntu ophumelele emsebenzini abe nawo.
  Isibonelo, lawa makhono angase ahlanganise: ikhono lokuxhumana ngempumelelo, ikhono lokuhlela nokuhlela, kanye nokuqonda izinqubo zokumaketha kwedijithali.
• Uma uphumelele ezifundweni ezibalulekile emkhakheni ohlobene, ungakukhombisa nalokhu.
  Isibonelo, uma ufaka isicelo somsebenzi wokumaketha, ungasho ukuthi uneziqu zokuphatha ibhizinisi ezingochwepheshe kwezokumaketha.
• Ekugcineni, zama ukulula nokucacile emazwini akho.
  Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama obuchwepheshe noma imishwana engaqondakali umqashi ongase angawaqondi.

Uyibhala kanjani i-PDF CV?

• Hlela ulwazi: Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukubhala i-resume yakho, nquma ukuthi yiziphi izigaba ezibalulekile nezigaba ofuna ukuzifaka.
  Lezi zigaba zingabandakanya ulwazi lomuntu siqu, ulwazi lomsebenzi, imfundo namakhono.
• Khetha ifomethi efanelekile: Qala ngokudawuniloda isifanekiso sokuqhubeka kwe-PDF noma usebenzise isofthiwe yakho oyintandokazi yokuhlela ye-PDF.
  Lokhu kukunikeza intshisekelo yokufometha nokuklama i-CV yakho ngendlela yobungcweti nekhangayo.
• Ukwakha Isigaba Somuntu Siqu: Esigabeni Solwazi Lomuntu Siqu, kufanele ufake igama lakho ngokucacile nangokugqamayo, kanye nolwazi oluyisisekelo lokuxhumana olufana nekheli, inombolo yocingo, ne-imeyili.
• Uhlu lomsebenzi: Bonisa ulwazi lwakho lomsebenzi ngendlela ehlelekile necacile.
  Yisho izinkampani ozisebenzele, isihloko sakho somsebenzi, nesikhathi somsebenzi.
  Gxila kulokho okufeziwe okubalulekile kanye nezibopho obunazo emsebenzini ngamunye.
• Imfundo Neziqu: Bhala phansi imininingwane yemfundo, izifundo zokuqeqesha kanye nezitifiketi zobuchwepheshe onazo.
  Zama ukunemba ngezinsuku zeziqu neminye imininingwane.
• Amakhono: Faka ohlwini amakhono abalulekile onawo ahambisana nomsebenzi ohlosiwe.
  Lokhu kungabandakanya amakhono emisebenzi, ezobuchwepheshe, ezolimi kanye nezokuhlalisana kwabantu.
• Ulwazi olwengeziwe: Ungengeza isigaba solwazi olwengeziwe njengezitifiketi zolimi, imisebenzi yamavolontiya, kanye nezithakazelo zomuntu siqu.
• Buyekeza Nokufometha: Ngaphambi kokulondoloza i-resume yakho njenge-PDF, qiniseka ukuthi uyayibuyekeza ukuze uthole amaphutha ohlelo noma isipelingi.
  Futhi qiniseka ukuthi idokhumenti ifomethiwe futhi iyakhanga.

Uyilayisha kanjani i-CV?

Uma ufuna ukulayisha i-resume yakho, udinga ukulandela izinyathelo ezilula.
Ungalandela lezi zinyathelo ukuze ufeze lokhu:

1. Vula iphrosesa yakho yamagama oyikhethayo, efana ne-Microsoft Word noma i-Google Amadokhumenti.
2. Fometha i-resume yakho ngendlela ekhangayo nehlelekile.
   Ihlukanise ngezigaba ezifana nolwazi lomuntu siqu, imfundo, ulwazi lomsebenzi, amakhono, kanye nezitifiketi.
3. Bhala imininingwane yakho yomuntu siqu esigabeni esibekiwe, njengegama, usuku lokuzalwa, kanye nemininingwane yokuxhumana.
4. Engeza isigaba semfundo lapho ungacacisa khona iziqu zemfundo ozitholile kanye namanyuvesi oqede kuwo.
5. Khomba isipiliyoni somsebenzi onaso esigabeni esehlukile, bese uzama ukuchaza izibopho ezibalulekile nezinto ozifezile emsebenzini ngamunye.
6. Engeza isigaba samakhono akho, noma ngabe amakhono obuchwepheshe, ulimi, noma okuhlaziya.
   Yisho amakhono onekhono kuwo ngendlela ecacile.
7. Uma unezitifiketi ezengeziwe noma izifundo zemfundo, zingeze esigabeni esihlukile ku-resume yakho.
8. Uma ukuqhubeka kwakho sekuqediwe, kulondoloze ekhompyutheni yakho.
9. Ungaphrinta i-resume futhi uyithumele ngokuphrinta noma uyithumele nge-imeyili kwabangase babe abaqashi.

Ngiyenza kanjani i-CV yabafundi abasha?

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukudala i-resume yakho yabasanda kuthola iziqu, kubalulekile ukuthi ubuyekeze amathiphu alandelayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-resume yakho igqama kahle futhi idonsa ukunaka kwabaqashi:

• Yakha i-CV yakho ngendlela ehlanzekile nekhangayo: Sebenzisa idizayini elula nechwepheshile ebonisa ukuthí sina nokugxila kwakho.
Fometha ulwazi ngendlela ehlelekile futhi wenze kube lula ukufunda.

• Gxila ezigabeni eziyinhloko: Faka nesigaba solwazi lomuntu siqu, esinye esolwazi lomsebenzi, nesigaba semfundo namakhono obuchwepheshe.
Ungakwazi futhi ukwengeza isigaba semisebenzi yabafundi nezitifiketi zokuqeqesha.

• Bonisa ulwazi lwakho namakhono: Yisho konke okwenzekayo okuzuzile ngesikhathi socwaningo, kungaba ngokuzithandela noma ngokukhokhelwa.
Futhi gqamisa amakhono abalulekile onawo angathakasela abaqashi, njengamakhono olimi noma amakhono ekhompyutha.

• Engeza izixhumanisi emisebenzini yakho yangaphambilini: Uma wenze amaphrojekthi, umsebenzi wokuzithandela, noma ucwaningo phakathi nezifundo zakho, engeza izixhumanisi zale misebenzi uma itholakala ku-inthanethi.
Lokhu kuzosiza umqashi ukuthi abone amakhono akho asebenzayo.

• Qiniseka ukuthi ubhala ngendlela efanele futhi ecacile: Qiniseka ukuthi awekho amaphutha esipelingi noma ohlelo lolimi ku-CV yakho.
Sebenzisa imisho emifushane necacile futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyawalungisa amaphutha ohlelo.

• Zikholelwe kuwe futhi uthembeke: Abanye abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi abanalo ulwazi olwanele lokudala i-CV eqinile, kodwa ukwethembeka nokuzethemba kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo.
Yilwa nakho konke ukungabaza futhi ubonise umhlaba amakhono akho futhi uthathe umthwalo wemfanelo.

Lisho ukuthini igama elithi isihloko somsebenzi?

Igama elithi "isihloko somsebenzi" libhekisela egameni elinikezwe umsebenzi noma indima yomsebenzi eyenziwa ngumuntu ngaphakathi kwenhlangano ethile.
Isihloko somsebenzi igama elibonisa uhlobo nezibopho zomsebenzi, futhi libhekwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yobunikazi bomuntu bomsebenzi.
Iziqu zemisebenzi zivame ukusetshenziswa izinkampani nezinhlangano ezahlukene ukuchaza izinga nezinga lomsebenzi, kanye nokuhlukanisa izibopho, amakhono, nolwazi oludingekayo ukuze kugcwalise lowo msebenzi.
Isihloko somsebenzi sihlose ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwangaphakathi lwenhlangano kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwendima yomsebenzi kanye nokulindelwe komsebenzi okulindeleke kumuntu ophethe isihloko somsebenzi.

Iyini imithombo yokusesha umsebenzi?

Miningi imithombo yokusesha umsebenzi esikhathini samanje, futhi lokhu kwenza kube lula ngabafake izicelo ukuba bathole amathuba emisebenzi afanelekile.
Nazi ezinye zezinsiza ezibalulekile abantu abangazisebenzisa lapho befuna umsebenzi:

• Izingosi zemisebenzi eziku-inthanethi: Izingosi zemisebenzi eziku-inthanethi ziwumthombo obalulekile wokuthola amathuba emisebenzi, njengoba abafuna umsebenzi bengaphequlula imisebenzi eminingi enikezwayo futhi bayifake kalula nge-inthanethi.

• Izinkundla zokuxhumana: Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezifana ne-LinkedIn kanye ne-Facebook ziyizinkundla ezibalulekile zokuxhumana nokuxhumana nabanye abantu emkhakheni owuthandayo.
Ngala manethiwekhi, abantu bangakhulisa umbuthano wabo wolwazi futhi bathole amathuba emisebenzi ngokuxhumana ngqo nabasebenzi ezinkampanini ezinentshisekelo.

• Izikhungo zendawo: Abantu bangathintana nezikhungo zendawo ezikhethekile emkhakheni wemisebenzi efiselekayo Bangase banikeze izifundo zokuqeqesha noma ama-workshops afundisa amakhono adingekayo ukuze bathole amathuba emisebenzi ethile emakethe.

• Ama-ejensi okuqasha: Ama-ejensi okuqasha ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zabasebenzi ezinkampanini ezinentshisekelo, asiza abantu ngabanye ukucinga imisebenzi evumelana neziqu zabo, futhi abaqondise ohlelweni lokuqasha.

• Izikhangiso emaphephandabeni nakumaphephandaba: Abaqashi abaningi bafaka izikhangiso zemisebenzi emaphephandabeni endawo nasezingosini ezihlukahlukene zokukhangisa.
Abantu ngabanye bangathola amathuba emisebenzi ngokulandela nokuphendula lezi zikhangiso.

• Imibukiso yemisebenzi nemicimbi: Imibukiso yemisebenzi nemicimbi iyithuba elihle kakhulu lokwazi abaqashi futhi uxhumane nabo ngokuqondile.
Abantu bangavakashela le micimbi, balethe izincwadi zabo futhi banwebe amanethiwekhi abo ochwepheshe.

Ngisibhala kanjani i-academic qualification ku-CV?

Ukufaka neziqu zakho zemfundo kuCV yakho kubalulekile ngoba kusiza umqashi ukuthi ahlole amakhono akho kanye nezinga lemfundo.
Nawa amanye amathiphu okuthi ungazibhala kanjani iziqu zemfundo ku-CV:

• Bhala isigaba sokugcina semfundo ephakeme kuqala. Isibonelo, uma uthole i-bachelor's degree, cacisa umkhakha wakho wokufunda, igama lekolishi noma inyuvesi, nosuku lokuthweswa iziqu.
• Yibe usubonisa ukuthi yiziphi ezinye iziqu zemfundo ozitholile, njengamadiploma noma izitifiketi zobuchwepheshe.
  Zama ukusho igama elisemthethweni leziqu, igama lesikhungo esilitholile, nosuku.
• Ungakhohlwa ukufaka noma yimiphi imiklomelo noma ama-honours oyitholile esifundweni, njengoba ungase ube nezitifiketi ezibalulekile zokubonga ezisiza ukuthuthukisa umbono womqashi ngawe.
• Uma unesipiliyoni somsebenzi esihlobene neziqu zakho zemfundo, yisho ngokucacile.
  Isibonelo, uma wenze amaphrojekthi ocwaningo noma ukuqeqeshwa okungokoqobo ukuze uthole isitifiketi esithile, kufanele usho lezi zipiliyoni kanye nemininingwane yazo ngendlela elula.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ufometha ulwazi ngendlela ehlelekile nefundeka kalula.
  Ungasebenzisa ithebula noma uhlu oluhlukene ukuze ugqamise izinsiza ezibalulekile zemfundo neminye imininingwane.

Izitatimende ezingamukelekile ku-CV

• Ukusebenzisa ulimi olungalungile noma olucwasayo I-CV ihlose ukuchaza kahle umuntu, futhi akufanele ibe nezinkulumo ezicasula abanye noma ezivusa impikiswano.
• Ukusho ulwazi lomuntu siqu olunokhahlo nolungabalulekile, njengesimo somndeni, ubuzwe, inkolo noma imibono yezepolitiki.
  I-CV kufanele igxile ezifundweni zemfundo kanye namakhono okusebenza akhulisa amathuba omuntu okuthola umsebenzi.
• Ukusebenzisa ulimi olungacacile noma inkulumo ende engaqondakali Kubalulekile ukuthi incazelo eku-CV ibe mfushane futhi iqonde ngqo futhi iveze okuhlangenwe nakho kanye nezimpumelelo ngokucacile.
• Ukwehluleka ukunikeza imininingwane yokuxhumana ngendlela efanele futhi ngokuphelele.Lolu lwazi lubalulekile kumphathi ongathanda ukuxhumana nomfakisicelo futhi abhukhe inhlolokhono yomuntu siqu ukuze aqhubeke nokuxhumana.
• Ukumemezela ukuthi umfakisicelo “uyitoho” noma “akanalo ulwazi.” Lezi zitatimende zibonisa ukugxeka futhi zinciphisa amathuba omfakisicelo okuthola umsebenzi awufisayo.
  Esikhundleni salokho, amakhono ahlukile kanye nolwazi oluhlukile lomfakisicelo kufanele kugqanyiswe nokuthi anganikela kanjani ekucebiseni ithimba elisebenzayo.

Ungabhala kanjani i-CV ngaphandle kwesipiliyoni?

Ukubhala i-CV eqinile nekholisayo kungase kubonakale kuwumsebenzi onzima uma ungenalo ulwazi olwanele.
Kodwa-ke, ungakhathazeki, ngamanye amathiphu awusizo ungabhala i-resume enhle noma ungenayo isipiliyoni.
Nazi ezinye izinyathelo ezingakusiza kulokhu:

1. Ingxenye Yokuqala: Ulwazi Lomuntu Siqu

• Faka imininingwane yakho yomuntu siqu eyisisekelo njengegama, usuku lokuzalwa, nendawo yokuhlala.
• Uma unanoma yimaphi amakhono ayisisekelo noma izitifiketi ezincane, zizwe ukhululekile ukuzisho.

2. Ingxenye Yesibili: Imfundo Nokuqeqeshwa

• Gqamisa imfundo yakho nokuqeqeshwa ngisho noma ungenalo ulwazi lomsebenzi.
• Faka kuhlu izikole ophothule kuzo kanye nanoma yimiphi imisebenzi yezemfundo noma imifundaze oyitholile.
• Uma wenze noma yiziphi izifundo zokuqeqesha ezihlobene nomkhakha owufisayo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuzisho futhi.

3. Ingxenye Yesithathu: Amakhono Namakhono

• Bheka amakhono athambile namakhono athambile onawo njengokuxhumana okuhle, ukusebenzisana kanye nekhono lokusingatha ingcindezi.
• Khuluma ngamakhono akho obuchwepheshe, uma ekhona, njengokusebenzisa izinhlelo zekhompyutha noma izilimi ozazi kahle.
• Ungaphinda usho izinto ezingokoqobo ezingezona ezochwepheshe ezifana nomsebenzi wokuzithandela noma ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi.

4. Ingxenye Yesine: Inhloso yobungcweti nezintshisakalo zobungcweti

• Chaza isifiso sakho sokujoyina inkambu yobungcweti oyifunayo futhi ufeze izifiso zakho zomsebenzi.
• Yisho noma yiziphi izintshisekelo zochwepheshe onazo, njengokufunda ensimini noma ukuya ezifundweni zokuqeqeshwa.
• Ungakhohlwa ukusho izizathu ezikugqugquzela ukuthi usebenze kulo mkhakha nokuthi yini ekukhangayo kuwo.

5. Ingxenye yokugcina: izilimi ezengeziwe namakhono

• Yisho izilimi ozikhulumayo nezinga lakho kuzo, ikakhulukazi uma umsebenzi owuqondise udinga ikhono lokukhuluma olunye ulimi.
• Uma uthathe noma yiziphi izifundo ezikhethekile ezengeziwe noma amakhono obuchwepheshe, ungakhohlwa ukuwasho.