Izidingo zomntwana osanda kuzalwa

Izidingo zomntwana osanda kuzalwa

• Izidingo zosana olusanda kuzalwa zibalulekile emibhangqwaneni lapho izwa ngokufika komntwana omusha.

Ngezansi uhlu oluphelele lwezinye zalezi zidingo:

1. Izingubo:
   Umama angase adinge ukuthengela usana olusanda kuzalwa izingubo ezikhethekile.
   Kungcono ukukhetha izingubo zikakotini ezithambile, ezikhululekile ezifanele isikhumba somntwana esibucayi.
   Ezinye zezingcezu ezingathengwa zihlanganisa:

• Izikibha zangaphansi zikakotini ezingu-6 ezinemikhono emifushane.
• Izikibha zangaphansi zikakotini ezingu-6 ezinemikhono emide.
• Iqoqo lezingubo zokulala ezilula.

2. amanabukeni:
   Amanabukeni ayisidingo esiyisisekelo kunoma iyiphi ingane.
   Ukukhetha usayizi wenabukeni ofanele wesisindo nosayizi wengane yakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
   Kunezinhlobonhlobo zamanabukeni atholakalayo emakethe izingane ezisanda kuzalwa, ngakho-ke inani elanele nelifanelekile lamanabukeni kufanele lilungiswe.
3. Amabhodlela ezingane:
   Uma uhlose ukuncelisa ingane ngebhodlela, uzodinga inani lokuphakelwa okufanele ukondle ingane.
   Khetha amabhodlela enziwe ngezinto eziphephile nezihlanzeka kalula.
4. Amafutha e-massage yezingane:
   Umama angase adinge ukunakekela isikhumba somntwana esizwelayo.
   Amafutha e-baby massage angasetshenziswa ukuthambisa isikhumba futhi usigcine sithambile.
5. I-shampoo yezingane kanye nokugeza umzimba:
   Izingane kufanele zithenge ishampoo nokugeza umzimba okufanele isikhumba sazo esibucayi.
   Kungcono ukukhetha imikhiqizo engenawo amakha namakhemikhali ayingozi.
6. Ukhilimu wokugcoba izingane:
   Isikhumba somntwana esibucayi sidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
   Ukhilimu wokugcoba wezingane ungasetshenziswa ukuthambisa isikhumba nokuvimbela ukoma.
7. I-Pacifier:
   Umama angase adinge i-pacifier ukuze athobe umntwana futhi ahlangabezane nezidingo zakhe zokuncelisa.
   Khetha ama-pacifiers aphephile enziwe ngezinto ezithambile, ezingavuzi.
8. Ukwesula kwezingane:
   Izinto zokusula izingane zibalulekile ekugcineni ingane ihlanzekile ngenkathi ushintsha amanabukeni noma uhlanza umlomo nezandla.
   Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhetha izinto zokusula ezithambile ezifanele isikhumba somntwana esibucayi.
9. Isikhathi sokudla:
   Ingane idinga amathuluzi azoyenza ikwazi ukudla, njengamapuleti namathisipuni ayo.
   Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ulungise ukudla okufanele izingane ezisanda kuzalwa.
10. Ukulungiselela isibhedlela nokulungisa isikhwama sokubeletha:
    Uma uya esibhedlela, kufanele ulungise isikhwama sokuzalwa esiqukethe zonke izinto ezibalulekile zokwamukela umntwana.
    Lokhu kuhlanganisa izingubo zezingane, amanabukeni, amabhodlela, amathawula, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinto ezidingekayo.

Uhlu lwangaphambilini kufanele lube ireferensi yakho njengomama ukuze ulungiselele izidingo eziyisisekelo zengane yakho esanda kuzalwa.
Qiniseka ukuthi uzilungiselela ngokwanele lezi zidingo ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe ukuze ukulungele ukumamukela nazo zonke izidingo zakhe.

Yiziphi izingubo ezidingwa usana olusanda kuzalwa?

Umntwana osanda kuzalwa udinga izingubo ezikhululekile ezifanele usayizi wakhe omncane.
Kungcono ukukhetha izingubo ezithambile zikakotini ezingenazo imihlobiso esindayo nezintambo.
Kufanele futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa ubuhlalu obucwebezelayo nama-sequin ezingutsheni, njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwazo kungase kubangele ukucasuka futhi kubangele ukucindezeleka enganeni yakho.
Kubalulekile futhi ukukhetha ama-diaper afanelana nosayizi nesisindo sengane yakho, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa ama-rash creams ukuze agcine isikhumba sakhe sinempilo.
Ubhavu futhi ungenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokulungiselela ukufika kwengane, njengoba kufanele ube ongasindi futhi ube nemiphetho ethambile ukuze uyisebenzise kalula futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha kwengane yakho.
Izingubo zomntwana osanda kuzalwa azidingi i-assortment ehlukile, okubalulekile emasontweni okuqala empilo yakhe ukumnikeza imfudumalo.
Kufanele ubophe umntwana ngezingubo ezilula ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa futhi umboze ikhanda lakhe ukuze unciphise ukulahlekelwa ukushisa komzimba.

Siphela nini isigaba sezinsana?

Isigaba esisanda kuzalwa ngokuvamile sithatha isonto elilodwa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
Phakathi nalesi sigaba, izinguquko eziningi zomzimba nentuthuko zenzeka emzimbeni wengane.
Ingane iqala ukuzivumelanisa nendawo yayo entsha futhi ihlole amakhono ayo ahlukene.
Ngemva kokuphela kwesigaba esisanda kuzalwa, ingane iqala ukungena ezigabeni ezintsha zokuthuthuka ezibona ukukhula okusheshayo kumakhono akhe ahlukahlukene.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali baqaphe ukukhula kwengane yabo njalo ukuze baqinisekise impilo nokuphepha kwayo ezikhathini ezizayo zoshintsho.

Zingaki izingcezu okufanele zigqoke osanda kuzalwa ehlobo?

Ehlobo, kufanelekile ukuthi izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zigqoke izingcezu ezimbalwa zokukhanya nokunethezeka kwezingubo.
Kutuswa ukuthi inhlangano ibe seqenjini elilodwa elengeziwe kuye ngeminyaka yengane.
Ngokuvamile kufanelekile ukuba ingane igqoke i-undershirt ngaphandle kwemikhono, ngenkathi isebenzisa ama-pajamas ukotini nesigqoko esikhanyayo ukuze ivikele ikhanda layo ekukhanyeni kwelanga eliqondile.
Ngalezi zingubo, umntwana uzobe ekulungele ukujabulela isimo sezulu esifudumele ngaphandle kokuphatheka kabi.

Ingabe ingane esanda kuzalwa iyagezwa?

Ukugeza ingane esanda kuzalwa kubalulekile futhi kubalulekile ukuyigcina ihlanzekile futhi inempilo.
Umzimba wengane kufanele ugezwe kahle ngensipho namanzi, futhi kutuswa ukusebenzisa i-shampoo emnene noma ukugeza umzimba ukuze ugeze izinwele zakhe.
Ukugeza izinwele kufanele kuphindwe kabili noma kathathu ngesonto.
Kunconywa futhi ukuthi ukugeza kube yinto ephumuzayo futhi epholile, ukuze ingane ijabulele isikhathi sekhwalithi emanzini.
Uma ingane yakho esanda kuzalwa inezinwele futhi ucabanga ukuthi idinga ukuwashwa, ungakwenza lokho ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
Umntwana osanda kuzalwa angase adinge ukugeza kabili noma kathathu ngesonto, futhi kungcono ukunquma isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokugeza amahora angu-1-1.5 ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuncelisa.

Ingabe ikhanda lomntwana osanda kuzalwa lingambozwa?

Ngokokutholwe muva nje, odokotela bezingane bayeluleka ngokumelene nokumboza amakhanda ezinsana noma ukuzilalisa ngokuphambene nalokho okuyisiko.
Lokhu kufakwa kungase kuhlotshaniswe nengozi eyengeziwe ye-syndrome yokufa okungazelelwe phakathi kwezinsana.
Ukumbozwa kwekhanda kungakhuphula izinga lokushisa kwengane futhi kwandise ingozi yokulimala.
Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthi ungawambozi amakhanda abo ngenkathi belele futhi ubanikeze umbhede okhethekile eduze nombhede kamama ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha kwabo futhi banciphise ingozi yokuphefumula.

Zingaki izingcezu zezingubo zezingane ebusika?

Ukugcina izingane zifudumele ebusika kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile kubazali.
Ukufeza lokhu, izinsana kufanele zigqoke ngendlela efanele izimo zezulu ezibandayo.

• Izingubo ezifanele ebusika: Izinsana kufanele zigqoke izingcezu zezingubo ezizisiza ukuba zifudumale ebusika.

• Kusukela osukwini olulodwa kuya eminyakeni emibili ubudala:
  Kungcono ukuthi izinsana zigqoke izingcezu zezingubo ezifanayo nezezabantu abadala, nezingcezu ezimbili ezengeziwe emalini egqokwa ngumama.
  Uma ugqoka izingcezu ezi-3 ukuze uzizwe ufudumele, usana kufanele lugqoke izingcezu ezi-5 ebusika.
  Kubalulekile ukugqoka kancane kancane izingubo ezisindayo ezinsaneni, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukugqoka izingubo ezintsha ekuqaleni kobusika.
  Izinsana zidlala futhi zinyakaze imizimba yazo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba ugqoke kancane kancane ukuze uvumelane nesimo sezulu esibandayo.
• Izingane entwasahlobo:
  Entwasahlobo, izinsana kufanele zigqoke izingcezu ezintathu: i-bodysuit kakotini, ingubo yangaphandle phezu komzimba ongaphezulu, namabhulukwe noma izikhindi.
  Lezi zingcezu zinikeza ukufudumala nokududuza ezinganeni ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo.
• Izingane ehlobo:
  Ngokuqinisekile, izinsana ehlobo zidinga izingcezu ezimbalwa zokugqoka kunasebusika.
  Njengezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, izingane zingagqoka i-tank top kanye ne-bodysuit engasindi ukuze zizwe zikhululekile futhi zipholile.
  Yiqiniso, inani lezingubo zokugqoka ezifanele izinsana ehlobo kufanele libe ngokuvumelana nezimo zezulu ezishisayo.

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokukhetha izingubo zezingane:
Ngaphandle kwenani eliphakanyisiwe lezingubo zokugqoka, le mithetho elandelayo kufanele icatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa izingubo zezinsana ebusika:

1- Sebenzisa umthetho othi “+1”:
Umthetho othi "+1" ungomunye wemithetho eyaziwa kakhulu ezimpahleni zezingane, njengoba kunconywa ukuthi izinsana zigqoke into eyengeziwe ngaphezu kwenombolo umama ayigqokile.
Isibonelo, uma ugqoka i-3-piece, ingane kufanele igqoke i-4-piece, njalonjalo.

2- Isisekelo sezendlalelo:
Kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi izingane zigqoka izendlalelo eziningi ebusika.
Kungcono ukuthi ungqimba lwangaphakathi lube ukotini ukuze kube lula ukungena komoya nokuvimbela ukujuluka ngokweqile.
Ezinye izendlalelo zingangezwa, njengengubo yangaphandle nezinye.

3- Ukungenisa umoya endlini:
Ukungena komoya ngendlela efanele ekhaya nakho kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwezifo.
Amafasitela kufanele avulwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqabuleke umoya futhi kugcinwe umoya omusha ngaphakathi endlini.

• Khumbula, kubalulekile ukuthi izinsana zigqoke ngendlela efanele isimo sezulu ukuze zigcine impilo yazo ziphephile.

Umbala wamehlo uvela nini ezinganeni?

Umbala wamehlo wangempela womntwana uqala ukubonakala phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu neziyisithupha ngemva kokuzalwa.
Ngalesi sikhathi, umbala wamehlo uyashintsha usuka kolula uye ube mnyama.
Ukushintsha kombala wamehlo omntwana kungase kuqhubeke unyaka noma ngaphezulu.
Ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi izinguquko eziphawulekayo embala wamehlo ngokuvamile zenzeka lapho umntwana enezinyanga ezi-3 kuya kweziyisi-6 ubudala.
Umuntu angase futhi aqaphele ukuthi umbala wamehlo ngokwemvelo uyashintsha usuka ekukhanyeni uye kumnyama, futhi umbala wamehlo ungase ushintshe usuka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uye eluhlaza noma enye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguqulwa kombala wamehlo wengane kuyingxenye evamile yentuthuko yakhe, futhi kungenzeka noma nini kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-9 kuya eminyakeni engu-3 ubudala.
Lolu shintsho luvamise ukuba luncane.

Ingane iqala nini ukubona unina?

Ingane ivame ukubona unina ngokusebenzisa izici eziningana ezihlukahlukene.
Ngenyanga yeshumi nanhlanu, ingane iqala ukuzibona ngokubheka esibukweni.
Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu noma ezine, umntwana uyakwazi ukubona abazali bakhe ngobuso obujwayelekile.
Izinzwa zakhe zokubona ziyaqhubeka ziba ngcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi lokhu kumsiza ukuba akwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabantu nezinto ezimzungezile.
Ngaphandle kokwazi ukubona, umntwana usebenzisa ezinye izinzwa ezinjengokuzwa, ukuhogela nokuthinta ukumsiza ukuba abone unina.
Angase akwazi ukuzwa iphunga lakhe kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuzalwa kwakhe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi useduze nomphimbo wakhe noma uhlezi emathangeni akhe.
Lezi zingxenye ezahlukene yizona ezinomthelela ekuboneni kwengane unina kanye nokukhulumisana phakathi kwazo kusenesikhathi.

Umntwana uqala nini ukubona nokuzwa?

• Ngezinyanga eziyisi-6, umntwana uqala ukubona ngokucacile nangcono.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela enyangeni yesithathu yokuphila, ubuchopho bomntwana nezindlebe ziqala ukukhula, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nokuzwa.
• Ekugcineni, kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-12, izingane zibona ngokugcwele, zibona njengabantu abadala futhi zikwazi ukuhlukanisa izinto kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingakanani noma umbala wazo.

Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zilala nini njalo?

1. Ubudala 0 - 3 izinyanga:

• Kulesi sigaba, izingane zilala okungenani amahora amahlanu ngesikhathi.
• Izikhathi zokulala azikwazi ukubikezelwa ngokunembile, futhi lokhu kungase kuhluke kuye ngengane.
• Izinsana zilala imini yonke nobusuku ngokungahleliwe, ngaphandle kwephethini ethile.

2. Ubudala 3 - 6 izinyanga:

• Kulesi sigaba, izingane ngokuvamile ziyakwazi ukusebenzisa isimiso sokulala sasemini.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwesigqi sokulala kuqala cishe amasonto ayisithupha osana olusanda kuzalwa, futhi ukulala kuba njalo phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-3-6.
• Ingane ingakwazi ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kobusuku nemini ngalesi sikhathi.

3. Iminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisi-6 nangaphezulu:

• Kulesi sigaba, izingane eziningi ziqala ukulala isikhathi esifushane phakathi nosuku kanye nezikhathi ezinde ebusuku.
• Ukulala akuvamile futhi ezinye izingane zingase zilale ubusuku bonke amahora angu-6-8 zingavuki.
• Ukulala amahora angu-12 ngobusuku kubhekwa njengezinga legolide, kodwa lokhu kungase kuhluke kuye enganeni.

Qaphela: Kumelwe siqaphele ukuthi ukuhlehla kokulala nokuvuka ebusuku akuyona inkinga, kujwayelekile futhi kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukufa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngokuzumayo.
Kubalulekile ukunikeza ingane indawo yokulala ephephile nenethezekile.

I-jaundice ihlala isikhathi esingakanani ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa?

• I-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ingahlala isikhathi esihlukile.
• Ngokuphambene nalokho, endabeni yezingane ezincelisayo, kukhona ithuba lokuthuthukisa i-jaundice yesikhashana futhi lokhu akubeka engozini empilweni yengane.
• Kodwa-ke, uma isikhathi se-pigmentation siqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwalesi sikhathi, lokhu kungase kube inkomba yenkinga yezempilo edinga ukubonisana nodokotela.
• Kuyahlukahluka futhi kuye ngesimo somntwana futhi kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside uma kwenzeka izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.