Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho ngegazi eliphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oshadile ngu-Ibn Sirin

Nancy
2024-01-28T12:47:36+00:00
Ukuhunyushwa amaphuphoAmaphupho ka-Ibn Sirin
NancyIhlolwe ngu: EsraaOkthoba 31, 2022Isibuyekezo sokugcina: ezinyangeni ezi-XNUMX ezedlule

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oshadile Omunye wemibono evusa ukwesaba emiphefumulweni yabaphuphi futhi bafuna kakhulu ukwazi okushiwo kubo, esihlokweni esilandelayo sizofunda ngezincazelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezihlobene nalesi sihloko, ngakho-ke ake sifunde okulandelayo.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oshadile
Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oshadile

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oshadile

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephupha ephuma igazi esithweni sakhe sangasese ngesikhathi esaqala umshado kukhomba ukuthi uthwele ingane esibelethweni kodwa akakakwazi lokhu futhi uyojabula kakhulu lapho ethola. ngaphandle.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona igazi liphuma ku-vulva yakhe ngesikhathi sokulala, khona-ke lokhu kuyinkomba yezimfanelo ezinhle azi ngazo futhi okwenza isikhundla sakhe sibe sikhulu kakhulu ezinhliziyweni zawo wonke umuntu.
  • Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umbonisi ebona igazi lakhe lephupho livela esithweni sangasese, lokhu kubonisa izinguquko ezinhle ezizokwenzeka empilweni yakhe futhi zizokwanelisa kakhulu kuye.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe legazi eliphuma esithweni sakhe sangasese libonisa izindaba ezinhle ezizofika kuye futhi zithuthukise kakhulu ingqondo yakhe.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona ephusheni lakhe igazi liphuma esithweni sangasese, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi izinkathazo nobunzima ayebhekene nazo empilweni yakhe zizophela, futhi uzokhululeka kakhulu ezinsukwini ezizayo.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho ngegazi eliphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oshadile ngu-Ibn Sirin

  • U-Ibn Sirin uchaza umbono wowesifazane oshadile ephusheni legazi eliphuma esithweni sakhe sangasese njengenkomba yokuthi izifiso eziningi ayekade ephupha ngazo zizofezeka, futhi lokhu kuzomjabulisa kakhulu.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona ngesikhathi elele igazi liphuma esithweni sangasese, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sempilo entofontofo ayijabulelayo phakathi naleso sikhathi namalungu omndeni wakhe kanye nokulangazelela kwakhe ukuthi akukho lutho oluphazamisa ukuphila kwakhe.
  • Uma kwenzeka umbonisi ebona ephusheni lakhe igazi liphuma esithweni sangasese, lokhu kuveza inala yokuhle azoba nakho ngoba kuningi okuhle akwenzayo empilweni yakhe.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe legazi eliphuma esithweni sakhe sangasese lifanekisela izindaba ezinhle ezizofinyelela ezindlebeni zakhe futhi zisakaze injabulo nenjabulo eduze kwakhe kakhulu.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona egazini lakhe lephupho elivela ku-vulva yakhe, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezinguquko ezinhle ezizokwenzeka ezicini eziningi zokuphila kwakhe futhi zizokwanelisa kakhulu kuye.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane okhulelwe

  • Ukubona owesifazane okhulelwe ephusheni ephuma igazi esithweni sakhe sangasese kubonisa ukuthi isikhathi sokubeletha sesisondele, futhi uzokujabulela ukumthwala ezandleni zakhe ngokuphepha kunoma yikuphi ukulimala.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona egazini lakhe lephupho liphuma ku-vulva, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi uzozalwa kalula kakhulu lapho engeke ahlupheke khona nhlobo, futhi inqubo izodlula ngokuthula.
  • Uma kwenzeka umbonisi ebona ngesikhathi elele igazi liphuma esithweni sangasese, lokhu kubonisa insada yezibusiso ayozijabulela, eziyohambisana nokufika komntwana wakhe, njengoba eyoba usizo olukhulu kubazali bakhe.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe legazi eliphuma esithweni sakhe sangasese lifanekisela ukukhululwa kwakhe ekubuyiseleni okunzima kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho ayebhekene nobuhlungu obukhulu, futhi izimo zakhe zizoba ngcono ezinsukwini ezizayo.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona igazi liphuma ku-vulva yakhe ngesikhathi sokulala, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezindaba ezinhle ezizomfinyelela futhi zithuthukise kakhulu ingqondo yakhe.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane okhulelwe Ngenyanga yesishiyagalolunye

  • Ukubona owesifazane okhulelwe ephusheni lokuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese enyangeni yesishiyagalolunye kubonisa ukuthi uzokhipha izinto ezazimbangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu futhi uzobe ekhululekile ngemva kwalokho.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona ngesikhathi elele igazi liphuma esithweni sangasese ngenyanga yesishiyagalolunye, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi uzofeza izinto eziningi aziphuphayo, futhi lokhu kuzomjabulisa kakhulu.
  • Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umbonisi ebona igazi lephupho lakhe liphuma esithweni sangasese ngenyanga yesishiyagalolunye, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukululama kwakhe ekuguleni okunzima, ngenxa yalokho wayehlushwa ubuhlungu obukhulu, futhi izimo zakhe zizoba ngcono. ezinsukwini ezizayo.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe lokuphuma kwegazi enyangeni yesishiyagalolunye lifanekisela ukulungiswa kwakhe ezintweni eziningi ayenganelisekile ngazo, futhi uzobe eqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngabo ngemva kwalokho.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona egazini lakhe lephupho elivela esithweni sangasese ngenyanga yesishiyagalolunye, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi uthola ukwesekwa okukhulu ngemuva komyeni wakhe phakathi naleso sikhathi, njengoba ethanda kakhulu induduzo yakhe.

Ukuhunyushwa kokuphuma kwegazi esithweni sowesifazane oshadile

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephupha igazi liphuma esithweni sakhe sangasese kukhomba ukuthi ubhekene nezinkinga eziningi nezingqinamba ezimenza abe sesimweni esingesihle neze ngokwengqondo.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona, ngesikhathi sokulala kwakhe, izingcezu zegazi ziphuma emgodleni, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi ulahlekelwe omunye wabantu abasondelene kakhulu naye, nokuthi uzongena esimweni sokudabuka okukhulu ngenxa yalokho.
  • Uma kwenzeka umbonisi ebona ephusheni lakhe izingcezu zegazi ziphuma esithweni sangasese, khona-ke lokhu kuveza ukuthi ubhekene nenkinga yezimali ezomenza aqongelele izikweletu eziningi ngaphandle kokuthi akwazi ukukhokha noma iyiphi yazo.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe legazi eliphuma esithweni sakhe sangasese lifanekisela ukuthi uzoba senkingeni enkulu kakhulu angeke akwazi ukuyiqeda kalula.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona ephusheni lakhe izingcezu zegazi ziphuma ku-vulva yakhe, khona-ke lokhu kuwuphawu lwezindaba ezimbi azozithola futhi zizomfaka esimweni sokudabuka okukhulu.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana neconsi legazi eliphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oshadile

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephusheni mayelana nebala legazi eliphuma esithweni sakhe sangasese kubonisa ukuthi uzokhipha izinto ezivame ukubangela ukungahambi kahle kwakhe, futhi uzokhululeka kakhulu ezinsukwini ezizayo.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona, ngesikhathi sokulala kwakhe, igazi liphuma esithweni sangasese, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezenzakalo ezinhle ezizokwenzeka eduze kwakhe futhi zithuthukise kakhulu ingqondo yakhe.
  • Uma kwenzeka umbonisi ebona ephusheni lakhe iconsi legazi eliphuma esithweni sangasese, khona-ke lokhu kukhomba okuhle okuchichimayo ayoba nakho ekuphileni kwakhe, ngoba uyamesaba uNkulunkulu (uMninimandla onke) kuzo zonke izenzo zakhe.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe legazi eliphuma esithweni sangasese lifanekisela izindaba ezinhle ezizofika kuye futhi zithuthukise kakhulu ingqondo yakhe.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona ephusheni lakhe ithonsi legazi eliphuma emthonjeni, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezinguquko ezinhle ezizokwenzeka empilweni yakhe futhi zizokwanelisa kakhulu kuye.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokopha kokuya esikhathini kowesifazane oshadile

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephusheni lokuphuma kwegazi lokuya esikhathini kubonisa ukuphila okujabulisayo akujabulelayo ngaleso sikhathi futhi kumenza ajabule kakhulu.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona igazi lokuya esikhathini liphuma ngesikhathi sokulala, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezenzakalo ezinhle ezizokwenzeka eduze kwakhe futhi zizothuthukisa kakhulu ingqondo yakhe.
  • Uma kwenzeka umbonisi ebona ephusheni lakhe ukopha kokuya esikhathini, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukugcwaliseka kwakhe kwezinto eziningi ayeziphupha, futhi lokhu kuzomjabulisa kakhulu.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe lokopha kokuya esikhathini kubonisa ukuthi uzoba nemali eningi ezomenza akwazi ukuphila impilo yakhe ngendlela ayithandayo.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona ephusheni lakhe igazi lokuya esikhathini, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi uguqule izinto eziningi ayenganelisekile ngazo, futhi uzobe eqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngabo ngemva kwalokho.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nomchamo oqukethe igazi lowesifazane oshadile

  • Uma owesifazane oshadile ebona umchamo negazi ephusheni lakhe, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezinto ezingalungile azenzayo empilweni yakhe, okuzobangela ukufa kwakhe kanzima uma engaziyeki ngokushesha.
  • Uma kwenzeka umbonisi ebona umchamo ephusheni lakhe futhi kunegazi kuwo, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uzobhekana nezenzakalo eziningi ezimbi ezizomenza abe sesimweni sokuphazamiseka okukhulu.
  • Ukubona umnikazi wephupho echama futhi enegazi, kufanekisela izinkinga nezinxushunxushu abhekana nazo ngaleso sikhathi futhi kumenza angakhululeki nhlobo.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona umchamo ephusheni lakhe futhi kukhona igazi kuwo, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezindaba ezingathandeki ezizofika ezindlebeni zakhe futhi zimbeke esimweni esibi kakhulu.
  • Ukubona umphuphi ephusheni lakhe le-poop enegazi kuwo lifanekisela ukunganaki kwakhe ikhaya nabantwana bakhe ngezinga elikhulu kanye nokukhathazeka kwakhe ngezindaba eziningi ezingadingekile.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana namathawula abesifazane aqukethe igazi owesifazane oshadile

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephusheni ama-pads abesifazane aqukethe igazi kubonisa ukuthi uzothola izindaba ezinhle zokukhulelwa maduzane futhi uzojabula kakhulu ngalolu daba.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona amapads abesifazane anegazi ngesikhathi elele, khona-ke lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi umyeni wakhe uzothola ukukhushulwa okuhlonishwa kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe, okuzothuthukisa kakhulu izimo zabo zokuphila.
  • Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umbonisi ebona ephusheni lakhe amaphedi wesifazane aqukethe igazi, khona-ke lokhu kuveza izindaba ezinhle ezizofinyelela ezindlebeni zakhe futhi zithuthukise kakhulu ingqondo yakhe.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi wesifazane ephusheni lakhe lamaphedi wesifazane aqukethe igazi lifanekisela izinguquko ezinhle ezizokwenzeka ezicini eziningi zokuphila kwakhe futhi zizokwanelisa kakhulu kuye.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona ephusheni lakhe amaphedi wesifazane anegazi, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi uzothola imali eningi ezomenza akwazi ukuphila impilo yakhe ngendlela ayithandayo.

Ukubona igazi lokuya esikhathini ezingutsheni ephusheni lowesifazane oshadile

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephusheni igazi lokuya esikhathini ezingutsheni zakhe kubonisa ukuthi kunezingxabano eziningi ezikhona ebuhlotsheni bakhe nomyeni wakhe phakathi naleso sikhathi futhi enze isimo phakathi kwabo sibe sibi kakhulu.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona igazi lokuya esikhathini ezingutsheni zakhe ngesikhathi sokulala, khona-ke lokhu kuyinkomba yokuthi kunezinto eziningi ezimkhathazayo futhi zimenze abe sesimweni sokungakhululeki okukhulu.
  • Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umbonisi ebona igazi lokuya esikhathini engutsheni yakhe ephusheni, lokhu kubonisa izinto ezimbi ezizokwenzeka eduze kwakhe futhi zimbeke esimweni esibi.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe legazi lokuya esikhathini ezingutsheni zakhe lifanekisela izindaba ezingathandeki ezizofika kuye futhi zimfake esimweni sokudabuka okukhulu.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona igazi lokuya esikhathini ezingutsheni zakhe ephusheni lakhe, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezinguquko ezizokwenzeka empilweni yakhe futhi ngeke zimanelise nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Ukubona igazi langemva kokubeletha ephusheni lowesifazane oshadile

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephusheni legazi langemva kokubeletha kubonisa izenzakalo ezingezinhle ezizokwenzeka empilweni yakhe futhi zimenze abe sesimweni esibi kakhulu.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona igazi langemva kokubeletha ngesikhathi elele, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuziphatha kwakhe ngokunganaki nokungalingani okumenza abe sengozini yokungena enkingeni ngaso sonke isikhathi.
  • Uma kwenzeka umbonisi ebona igazi langemva kokubeletha ephusheni lakhe, lokhu kukhomba ukuthi uzobe esenkingeni enzima angeke akwazi ukuyikhipha kalula.
  • Ukubuka owesifazane ephusheni lakhe legazi le-postpartum lifanekisela izindaba ezimbi ezizofika kuye futhi zimbeke esimweni esibi kakhulu esingokwengqondo.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona igazi le-postpartum ephusheni lakhe, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kunezithiyo eziningi ezivimbela ukuba afinyelele imigomo yakhe, futhi lokhu kumenza aphelelwe yithemba futhi akhungatheke kakhulu.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokukhipha isisu kowesifazane oshadile nokubona igazi

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephusheni lokukhipha isisu futhi ebona igazi kubonisa ukusindiswa kwakhe ezinkingeni nasezinkingeni ayebhekene nazo empilweni yakhe, futhi uzokhululeka kakhulu ngemva kwalokho.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona ukukhulelwa kwesisu kanye negazi ngesikhathi sokulala kwakhe, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezinguquko ezinhle ezizokwenzeka ezicini eziningi zokuphila kwakhe futhi zizokwanelisa kakhulu kuye.
  • Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umbonisi ebona ukukhulelwa kwesisu ephusheni lakhe futhi ebona igazi, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa izindaba ezinhle ezizofinyelela ezindlebeni zakhe futhi zithuthukise kakhulu ingqondo yakhe.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi ephusheni lakhe futhi ebona igazi lifanekisela ukuthi uzofeza izinto eziningi ayeziphupha, futhi lokhu kuzomjabulisa kakhulu.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona ukukhulelwa kwesisu ephusheni lakhe futhi ebona igazi, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi izinkathazo nobunzima ayebhekene nazo zizoshabalala, futhi uzobe ekhululekile ngemva kwalokho.

Iyini incazelo yephupho mayelana nokopha kowesifazane oshadile?

  • Ukubona owesifazane oshadile ephuma igazi ephusheni kubonisa ukuthi ziningi izinkinga abhekana nazo ngaleso sikhathi futhi zimenza angakhululeki nhlobo.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona ukuphuma kwegazi ngesikhathi sokulala, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezingxabano eziningi nezingxabano ezikhona ebuhlotsheni bakhe nomyeni wakhe futhi zenze izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu phakathi kwabo.
  • Uma kwenzeka umbonisi ebona ukopha ephusheni lakhe, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi akakwazi ukufeza noma yiziphi izinto ayeziphupha, futhi lokhu kuzomjabulisa kakhulu.
  • Ukubuka umnikazi wephupho ukopha ephusheni kufanekisela izindaba ezingathandeki ezizofika ezindlebeni zakhe futhi zimbeke esimweni esibi sengqondo.

Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho mayelana nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oshadile

  • Uma owesifazane oshadile ebona ukuphuma kwegazi ephusheni lakhe, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi uzothola izindaba ezinhle zokukhulelwa maduzane futhi uzojabula kakhulu ngalokhu.
  • Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umbonisi ephusheni lakhe abone ukopha esithweni sangasese, lokhu kukhomba ukugcwaliseka kwezinto eziningi abekade ephupha ngazo.

Ithini incazelo yephupho lezibungu ezimnyama eziphuma embotsheni yangasese?

  • Uma umphuphi ebona, ngesikhathi sokulala kwakhe, izibungu ezimnyama ziphuma ekuvuleni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, lokhu kuyinkomba yezinto ezimbi azenzayo empilweni yakhe, okuzobangela ukubhujiswa kwakhe okukhulu uma engayeki ukuzenza ngokushesha.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona ephusheni lakhe izibungu ezimnyama ziphuma ekuvuleni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, lokhu kubonisa izindaba ezimbi ezizofika ezindlebeni zakhe futhi zimbeke esimweni esibi kakhulu.
  • Umphuphi obukela ephusheni lakhe izibungu ezimnyama eziphuma ekuvuleni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane zifanekisela izimfanelo ezimbi aziwa ngazo futhi zibangela ukuhlukaniswa okukhulu kuwo wonke umuntu oseduze kwakhe.
  • Ukuze owesifazane oshadile abone ephusheni lakhe izibungu ezimnyama eziphuma ekuvuleni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane zifanekisela ukunganaki kwakhe okukhulu emalungelweni akhe ekhaya nasendodeni yakhe, futhi kufanele azicabangele kabusha mayelana nalolu daba ngaphambi kokuba kuphuze kakhulu.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona, ngesikhathi sokulala kwakhe, izibungu ezimnyama ziphuma ekuvuleni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi wenza izenzo eziningi zokuziphatha okubi kanye nezinto ezihlazo ezizohlukanisa wonke umuntu oseduze kwakhe.

Ithini incazelo yephupho legazi liphuma esithweni sangasese?

  • Umphuphi ebona igazi eliphuma emlonyeni ephusheni libonisa ukuthi kuzoba nezenzakalo eziningi ezinhle ezizokwenzeka eduze kwakhe futhi ezizomanelisa kakhulu kuye.
  • Uma owesifazane ephusheni ebona igazi liphuma esithweni sakhe sangasese, lokhu kuyinkomba yokuthi uzofeza izinto eziningi abeziphupha isikhathi eside, futhi lokhu kuzomjabulisa kakhulu.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona igazi livela ku-vulva ngesikhathi sokulala, lokhu kubonisa izinguquko ezizokwenzeka empilweni yakhe futhi kuzothuthukisa kakhulu izimo zakhe.
  • Umphuphi obuka egazini lakhe lephupho elivela ku-vulva lifanekisela izindaba ezinhle ezizofinyelela ezindlebeni zakhe futhi zithuthukise isimo sakhe sengqondo.
  • Uma intombazane ibona ephusheni layo igazi liphuma emlonyeni, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuhlakanipha kwayo okukhulu ekubhekaneni nezimo eziningi ezibhekene nazo, futhi lokhu kunciphisa ukungena kwakhe enkingeni.

Iyini incazelo yokubona igazi nobulili ephusheni lowesifazane oshadile?

  • Owesifazane oshadile ebona ubulili nokuphuma kwegazi ephusheni kubonisa ukuthi uzokhululeka ezintweni ezazimbangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu, futhi uzokhululeka kakhulu ezinsukwini ezizayo.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona ukulala nokuphuma kwegazi ngesikhathi elele, lokhu kuyinkomba yokuthi uzoxazulula izingxabano eziningi ezazikhona ebuhlotsheni bakhe nomyeni wakhe, futhi isimo phakathi kwabo sizozinza.
  • Uma umphuphi ebona ubulili futhi ephuma ephusheni lakhe, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uzothola imali eningi ezomenza akwazi ukuphatha kahle izindaba zasekhaya.
  • Ukubuka umphuphi elala futhi ephuma ephusheni lakhe kubonisa izinguquko ezinhle ezizokwenzeka empilweni yakhe futhi zizomanelisa kakhulu kuye.
  • Uma owesifazane ebona ubulili nokuphuma kwegazi ephusheni lakhe, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sezindaba ezinhle ezizofinyelela ezindlebeni zakhe futhi zithuthukise kakhulu isimo sakhe sengqondo.

Shiya amazwana

ikheli lakho le-imeyili ngeke lishicilelwe.Izinkambu eziyisibopho zikhonjiswa ngu *