Okuhlangenwe nakho kwami ​​​​ngomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal futhi ingabe umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal usakazeka ngokushesha?

Isipiliyoni sami ngomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal

Isipiliyoni esiyingqayizivele nesishukumisayo sasiphila ngumuntu lapho kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal.
I-nasopharyngeal carcinoma wuhlobo lomdlavuza oluyivelakancane oluvela ezicutshini ezingemuva kwekhala nomphimbo.
Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kuyadida futhi kuyakhathaza isiguli kanye namalungu omndeni, njengoba bebhekene nezinselele ezinzima zempilo nezomzwelo.

Phakathi kwemizwa isiguli esingase sibe nayo ngomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal ukwesaba nokukhathazeka okuqhubekayo mayelana nemiphumela engase ibe khona kanye nomthelela wesifo ezingeni lakhe lokuphila.
Isiguli singase sizizwe sidabukile futhi sicindezelekile ngenxa yobunzima obungokomzimba nobungokwengqondo esibhekene nabo.
Lokhu kungase kuholele ekwehliseni isifiso sokudla, ukuncipha kwesisindo, nokukhathala okukhulu.

Ngaphandle komthelela ongokwengqondo, ukwelashwa okujulile kanye nemikhakha eminingi kuyadingeka ukubhekana nomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal.
Ukwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe izimila, ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukuze kubulawe amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhula nokusabalala kwamathumba.
Ukwelashwa kungabangela imiphumela engemihle ebuhlungu enjengobunzima bokugwinya, ukungakuthandi ukudla, nesicanucanu.

Ukuze uthuthukise izinga lempilo yesiguli esihlaselwe umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal, kubalulekile ukuthembela ekusekelweni kwengqondo.
Isiguli singazuza ngokubamba iqhaza emaqenjini okusekelana nokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa nezemidlalo esisiza ukuba sinqobe izinselele zansuku zonke.

Ingabe umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal usakazeka ngokushesha?

Umdlavuza we-Nasopharyngeal wuhlobo lomdlavuza wentamo, ohlanganisa izimila eziyingozi ezivela ezicutshini ze-pharynx ephezulu nekhala.
Abaningi bangase bazibuze ukuthi lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lusakazeka ngokushesha kangakanani, ingabe lusakazeka ngokushesha?
Uma kuziwa ekusakazeni kwe-nasopharyngeal carcinoma, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kuhlanganise nobukhulu nesiteji se-tumor kanye nezinhlobo zamaseli athintekile.
Ngokuvamile, ukutholakala ezigabeni zakho zokuqala kuthuthukisa amathuba okwelashwa okuphumelelayo futhi kwandise namathuba okusinda.
Kodwa-ke, umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal kungaba nzima ukuwuxilonga ekuqaleni kwawo, lapho izimpawu zingabonakali.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zingase zihlanganise ukuphefumula kanzima, ukopha, izinkinga zokugwinya, ukushintsha kwezwi, nokuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki.
Uma kukhona izinsolo zomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ukuze uthole izivivinyo kanye nokuxilongwa okunembile.
Ngokuvamile, izinketho ezahlukene zokwelapha ziyatholakala kumdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal, okufaka ukuhlinzwa, i-radiotherapy, ne-chemotherapy.
Ukuzikhethela kuncike esigabeni sesifo, ubukhulu besimila, kanye nempilo jikelele yesiguli.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokusabalalisa umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal, kubalulekile ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukugwema ukubhema kanye nokuphuza utshwala okulinganiselayo, ngaphezu kokuhlola ukuhlolwa okuvamile.

Ingabe umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal ungelapheka?

Umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal ungenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo.
Iqukethe izicubu namaseli ane-striated ngendlela engavamile endaweni eseduze nepharynx nekhala.
Kungase kubangele izimpawu ezinjengokuphefumula kanzima, ukusha emphinjeni, nokuvuvukala kwezindlala ze-lymph.

Embuzweni onzima nodidayo, ingabe umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal ungelapheka? Ezimweni eziningi, lo mdlavuza ungelapheka ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi uma ubanjwe usaqala.
Nokho, impumelelo yokwelashwa incike ezintweni eziningi ezifana nohlobo nesigaba somdlavuza, nempilo yesiguli iyonke.

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal:

1. Ukuhlinzwa: Odokotela bangasebenzisa ukuhlinzwa ukuze basuse isimila esinomdlavuza.
   Uhlobo olufanele lokuhlinzwa luncike kusayizi kanye nesiteji se-tumor kanye nendawo yayo ku-oropharynx.
   Isiguli singase sidinge ukususa ingxenye yepharynx, sibeke i-graft yesikhumba, noma sisebenzise amasu e-robotic ukuze senze umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi, obucayi.
2. Ukwelapha ngemisebe: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
   Angase asetshenziswe njengomphelelisi wokuhlinzwa ukuze kubulawe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa, noma ezimeni lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki khona.
3. I-Chemotherapy: Lokhu kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ukuze kunqotshwe futhi kubhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
   Lolu hlobo lokwelapha lungasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe ubukhulu besimila noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umdlavuza awubuyi.

Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal?

Ukuxilonga umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal kudinga inqubo yezinyathelo eziningi eyenziwa yithimba lezokwelapha elichwepheshile.
Ekuqaleni, udokotela uhlola ngokucophelela isiguli ukuze aqonde izimpawu esinazo kanye nomlando wesifo.
Okulandelayo, ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kwekhala kanye ne-pharynx kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe noma yiziphi izinguquko ezincane ezicutshini.
Imishini eyinkimbinkimbi njengama-microscopes isetshenziselwa ukubona izicubu kangcono.
Uma kusolwa umdlavuza, ukuhlolwa kwesimila kwenziwa kusetshenziswa umshini we-CT noma we-MRI.
Bese, isampula yezicubu ezisolisayo zithathwa ukuze kuhlaziywe i-histological.

Ngabe umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal ubukeka kanjani?

I-Oropharyngeal carcinomas yizimila eziyingozi ezibonakala ku-pharynx ngemuva komgodi womlomo.
Uma umdlavuza ukhula kule sayithi, ungathinta izicubu eziningi nezakhiwo ezizungezile.
Phakathi kwezimpawu ezivelele ezingase zibonise ukuba khona komdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal ukuqubuka emlonyeni, ukushintsha kombala we-pharynx, izilonda noma izilonda ku-pharynx, ubunzima bokugwinya, noma ubuhlungu nokuba ndikindiki ezindaweni eziseduze ne-pharynx.
Umuntu angase futhi azizwe ephelelwa umoya, noma aqaphele ukushintsha kwezwi lakhe noma kunzima ukukhuluma.
Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingase zivame ukuhambisana nezinye izimo ezingezona umdlavuza, kuyadingeka ukubonana nodokotela uma kuvela noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, ukuze lesi simo sitholakale futhi ukwelashwa okufanele kuqalwe ngesikhathi esifanele.

Ingabe umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal ubuhlungu?

Umdlavuza weNasopharyngeal wuhlobo lomdlavuza ohlasela izicubu zepharynx.
Nakuba isipiliyoni salesi sifo sihluka kumuntu nomuntu, umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal ngokuvamile uhlotshaniswa nobuhlungu kulabo abathintekayo.
Lapho isimila sikhula ku-pharynx, singacindezela izinzwa eziseduze nezicubu, okubangela ubuhlungu.
Ezinye iziguli zichaza umuzwa wokuba ndikindiki noma ukugubha ku-pharynx, kanti ezinye zikhala ngobuhlungu obukhulu nokuvutha.
Ubuhlungu bungase bukhule lapho udla noma ugwinya, futhi kungase kuhlotshaniswe nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya.
Nokho, izinga lobuhlungu liyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi kungase kuthinteke ubukhulu nendawo yesimila kanye nesigaba somdlavuza.
Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa ngokushesha komdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal kubalulekile ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obuhambisana nesifo futhi kuthuthukise izinga lempilo yobuhlungu.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-nasopharyngitis?

1. Ukuminyana emakhaleni: Isiguli sihlushwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emakhaleni nasezinsoneni, okuholela ekwandeni kokuphuma koketshezi kanye nokuminyana.
2. Ikhala eligijimayo: isiguli sihlushwa ukuvuza kwamafinyila njalo emakhaleni, futhi lokhu kungase kuhambisane nokubomvu nokucasuka kwesikhumba ngaphansi kwekhala.
3. Ubuhlungu bomphimbo: isiguli singase sizwe umphimbo obuhlungu noma umuzwa wokuluma nokuvutha, futhi ukugwinya kungase kungakhululeki.
4. Ukukhwehlela okomile: Ukukhwehlela okomile okunzima kungase kuvele, futhi isiguli singase sikhathele ngenxa yokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo.
5. Ubuhlungu bamehlo: isiguli singase sibe nokucasuka nokuluma emehlweni, futhi singadabula ngokweqile.
6. Ukushisa okuphezulu: Ezimweni zokuvuvukala okukhulu, isiguli singase sizwe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu.

Uma kunomdlavuza womlomo, isiguli siphila isikhathi esingakanani?

Lapho umuntu eba nomdlavuza womlomo, kubalulekile ukuba lowo muntu abonane nethimba lezokwelapha eliqeqeshiwe ukuze lihlole isimo sakhe futhi linikeze ukwelashwa okufanele.
Izinga lokusinda kweziguli ngemva kokuxilongwa komdlavuza womlomo lincike ezintweni eziningi, kuhlanganise nesiteji nokusabalala kwesifo kanye nohlobo lwesimila.
Imvamisa, uma isimila sitholwa kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kusetshenziswa ngokushesha, abantu banethuba elihle lokusinda isikhathi eside.
Kodwa kwezinye izimo ezithuthuke kakhulu, okulindelekile kungase kube phansi.
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kanye nokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono izinga lempilo kanye nokwelula ukuphila kumuntu onomdlavuza womlomo.
Iziguli kufanele zilandele ngokuqinile imiyalelo yethimba lezokwelapha futhi zihlanganyele ekwelashweni okudingekile.
Ekugcineni, iziguli kufanele zisekelwe ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo kulo lonke uhambo lwazo nesifo ukuze zithuthukise ulwazi lwazo futhi zizisize zibhekane nezinselele ezingase zibhekane nazo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi komdlavuza womphimbo nobuhlungu?

1. Umphimbo obuhlungu:

• Ubuhlungu bomphimbo yisimo esivamile futhi ngokuvamile sibangelwa ukuvuvukala kwamafinyila kanye nolwelwesi lwamakhala.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu udala izimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokugwinya, ubuhlungu, ububomvu, nokuvuvukala emphinjeni.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu ungalingisa izimpawu zomkhuhlane ovamile noma ukutheleleka kwe-sinus, futhi ngokuvamile kuba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile.

2. Umdlavuza womphimbo:

• Umdlavuza womphimbo yisimo esingavamile futhi esibucayi esihlanganisa ukukhula okungajwayelekile, amangqamuzana anomdlavuza emphinjeni.
• Umdlavuza womphimbo ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nezinye izifo zomphimbo, njengobunzima bokugwinya, ubuhlungu, ama-lymph nodes avuvuke entanyeni, nokuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali.
• Umdlavuza womphimbo udinga ukuxilongwa ngokucophelela kwezokwelapha kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ezifana ne-MRI ne-endoscopy.

Ingabe isimila siyabuya ngemva kwe-radiotherapy?

I-Radiotherapy ingenye yezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zamathumba anomdlavuza.
Nakuba kungase kube nomthelela ekubhujisweni kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi kunciphise ukukhula kwezimila, abanye abantu bakhathazeka ngokubuya kwesimila ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe.
Ingabe isimila sizobuya ngemva kwe-radiotherapy?

Ukuthi isimila sizobuya noma cha ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe kuncike ezintweni eziningana ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa uhlobo, isigaba, indawo, ubukhulu, ufuzo, kanye nokusabela komzimba ekwelashweni.
Nakuba ukwelapha ngemisebe kungase kuphumelele ekubulaleni amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi kuwavimbele ukuba angasakazeki, asikho isiqinisekiso esiphelele sokuthi isimila ngeke sibuye.

Kubalulekile ukuthi kulandelelwe njalo ngemva kwe-radiotherapy ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isimila asikabuyi.
Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha nodokotela okhona kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqapheni noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingaba khona esimweni somdlavuza.
Esimeni lapho kungenzeka ukuthi isimila siphinde sibe khona, izinyathelo ezengeziwe zingathathwa njengokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukuze kuhambisane nokwelashwa nge-radiotherapy.

Akungabazeki ukuthi i-radiotherapy ingaba nonya futhi ibangele imiphumela engemihle.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba nengxoxo enemininingwane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokwelashwa ngemisebe ukuze uqonde ubungozi nezinzuzo ezihambisana nakho.
Kufanele futhi ubuzwe noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo mayelana nokuphindeka kwesimila ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe kanye nezinyathelo ezingenzeka zokusivimba.

Umzimba uyisusa nini imiphumela ye-radiotherapy?

I-Radiotherapy ingenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokwelapha umdlavuza.
Nokho, akunakuphikwa ukuthi inemiphumela engemihle engase iphazamise umzimba wesiguli ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa.
Abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi umzimba uyisusa nini imiphumela ye-radiotherapy nokuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani.

Nakuba abantu bengase bahluke endleleni abasabela ngayo ekwelashweni ngemisebe, kunemiphumela evamile ongase ube nayo ngemva kokwelashwa.
Le miphumela ingase ihlanganise ukukhathala, ukuhlanza, ukungakuthandi ukudla, izinguquko zesikhumba ezihlobene nokushiswa yilanga, ukulimala kwezicubu ezinempilo, kanye ne-anemia.

Ukuthi le miphumela emibi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani kuyahlukahluka ngohlobo nendawo yesimila kanye nebanga lomthamo elitholiwe.
Ezimweni eziningi, le miphumela iguga kancane kancane esikhathini esisukela emasontweni ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokuqedwa kokwelashwa ngemisebe.

Nokho, eminye yemiphumela emibi kakhulu ingase ithathe isikhathi eside ukuze iphole ngokuphelele.
Isibonelo, ukulimala kwezicubu kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuphola nokuvuselela.
Isiguli kufanele silandele imiyalelo kadokotela okhona futhi sihlale sithintana naye njalo ukuze silinganisele isikhathi sokululama esidingekayo kuye.

Ingabe izimila emakhaleni ziyingozi?

Ama-polyps ekhala aphakathi kwezimo zezempilo ezidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngabantu abathintekile.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi uhlobo nobukhulu be-tumor kuyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuqina kwayo.
Isibonelo, ama-benign tumors ekhaleni angase abe yingozi encane kunezicubu ezimbi.
Nokho, izimila eziyingozi zingase ziwohloke kakhulu isimo sesiguli uma kungenziwa ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa okufanele.
Ukuze unqume ukungathi sína kwesimila, kufanele uthintane nodokotela onguchwepheshe futhi uthembele ekuxilongweni okudingekile nokuhlolwa.
Ngokuvamile, kuyalulekwa ukuthi isiguli siqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ezifana nokopha okuqhubekayo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ubuhlungu obukhulu, nanoma yiluphi ushintsho esimweni somzimba jikelele.